Objective: To observe the abnormality of the long latency components and the subcomponents of N2 complex of auditory event-related potentials(ERPs) in the aged patients with subcortical ischemic vascular disease (SIVD), and evaluate their values in assessing the cognitive function of SIVD. Method: The SIVD group included 8 patients clinically diagnosed with SIVD, and the control group included 8 healthy subjects whose sex and age matched with those in SIVD group. Their ERPs were recorded during an active auditory discrimination task of classic oddball paradigm. And then they were assessed by neuropsychological tests including minimental status examination(MMSE) and the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA). Result: Compared with the controls, the latencies of N2 complex and N2b at FZ site were significantly longer in SIVD group (P<0.05), the scores of MMSE and MoCA slightly decreased but without significance. Conclusion: It's possibly seemed that the injury of SIVD mainly reduced the latency of N2 complex. So the latency of N2 complex and N2b might be chosen as an objective measurement in assessing the cognitive function of aged patients with SIVD. 100053.