A micelle system modified with alpha-Conotoxin ImI (ImI), a potently antagonist for alpha7 nicotinic acetyl-choline receptor (alpha 7-nAChR) previously utilized for targeting breast cancer, was constructed. Its targeting efficiency and cytotoxicity against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) highly expressing alpha 7-nAChR was investigated. A549, a non-small cell lung cancer cell line, was selected as the cell model. The cellular uptake study showed that the optimal modification ratio of ImI on micelle surface was 5% and ImI-modification increased intracellular delivery efficiency to A549 cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis. Intracellular Ca2+ transient assay demonstrated that ImI modification led to enhanced molecular interaction between nanocarriers and A549 cells. The in vivo near-infrared fluorescence imaging further revealed that ImI-modified micelles could facilitate the drug accumulation in tumor sites compared with non-modified micelles via alpha 7-nAChR mediation. Moreover, docetaxel (DTX) was loaded in ImI-modified nanomedicines to evaluate its in vitro cytotoxicity. As a result, DTX-loaded ImI-PMs exhibited greater anti-proliferation effect on A549 cells compared with non-modified micelles. Generally, our study proved that ImI-modified micelles had targeting ability to NSCLC in addition to breast cancer and it may provide a promising strategy to deliver drugs to NSCLC overexpressing alpha 7-nAChR.