Limited studies have examined the associations between air pollutants [particles with diameters of 10 pm or less (PM10), sulphur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2)] and fasting blood glucose (FBG). We collected data for 27,685 participants who were followed during 2006 and 2008. Generalized Estimating Equation models were used to examine the effects of an pollutants on FBG while controlling for potential confounders. We found that increased exposure to NO2, SO2 and PM10 was significantly associated with increased FBG levels in single pollutant models (p < 0.001). For exposure to 4 days' average of concentrations, a 100 mu g/m(3) increase in SO2, NO2, and PM-to was associated with 0.17 mmoI/L (95% Cl : 0.15-0.19), 0.53 mmol/L (95% Cl. 0.42-0.65), and 0.11 mmol/L (95% Cl: 0.07-0.15) increase in EBG, respectively. In the multi-pollutant models, the effects of SO2 were enhanced, while the effects of NO2 and PM10 were alleviated. The effects of air pollutants on FBG were stronger in female, elderly, and overweight people than in male, young and underweight people. In conclusion, the findings suggest that air pollution increases the levels of 16G. Vulnerable people should pay more attention on highly polluted clays to prevent air pollution-related health issues. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.