Diffusion tensor tractography(DTT) can theoretically be used in assessing the optic chiasmatic glioma(OCGs),which are still in debate about optimal treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of this technology in offering more information about the tumor, assisting the debulking surgery, and helping to anticipate visual outcomes. As a prospective cohort study, the enrolled patients received routine pre- and postoperative neuro-ophthalmology, neuroimaging, and endocrine examinations. Fiber tractography was meanwhile performed based on diffusion tensor imaging examination. Identification of the position relationship between the lesions and residual optic path, and morphology analysis of them was done based on their DTT features. All the information was used for confirmation by the intraoperative findings. 11 pediatric patients were enrolled in this study. Most of them got subtotal resection of the tumors and stable postoperative visual outcomes. On the DTT imagings, the tumors were divided into infiltrative endophytic ones (TypeI) and inflated ones (TypeII), which can be subclassified as inferior and superior chiasmatic ones based on the positional relationships between the optic chiasm fibers and the tumors. These positional relationships were confirmed intraoperatively. The postoperative DTT images were quite different from preoperative ones. The application of DTT to children with OCGs is feasible, and valuable for getting more information about the disease, improving surgical techniques, and helping predict the overall and visual prognosis of the patients. The exact correlations of DTT features and visual outcomes need to be further verified.