执笔作者机构：[1]Research Group of Experimental Neurosurgery and Neuroanatomy, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium[3]Working Group ‘Deep Brain Stimulation in Psychiatry: Guidance for Responsible Research and Application’. This Working Group is organised by the Europäische Akademie GmbH (Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler, Germany, http://www.ea-aw.de). It consists of an interdisciplinary and international team of neurosurgeons, neurologists, psychiatrists, neuropsychologists, bioethicists, philosophers and legal scholars, analysing ethical issues arising from the application of Deep Brain Stimulation for Psychiatric Disorders. Questions such as critical issues around regulatory processes and ethical guidance for the management of conflicts of interest for researchers, engineers and clinicians engaged in the development of therapeutic deep brain stimulation have been comprehensively studied and the results have been published under common authorship.[5]Department of Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA[4]WSSFN Committee on Neurosurgery for Psychiatric Disorders[6]Department of Clinical Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, Umea University, Umea, Sweden[7]Chair of the Committee of Neurosurgery for Psychiatric Disorders, Belgium and Belgium and Department of Psychiatry, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium[8]Deutsches Referenzzentrum für Ethik in den Biowissenschaften, Bonn, Germany[9]Universität Hamburg/Juristische Fakultät Lehrstuhl für Strafrecht und Rechtsphilosophie, Hamburg, Germany[10]Center for Neurological Restoration, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA[11]Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology of Goiânia, Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery Service, Medical School, Federal University of Goiás, Medical School, Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil[12]Advanced Interventions Service and Division of Neuroscience, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, Scotland, UK[13]Past-president of WSSFN and Chair of Committee of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS), and Department of Neurosurgery, World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS), Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan[14]Past-president of WSSFN and Department of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Canada[15]Department of Neurosurgery and Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden[16]Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery Program, Jaslok Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India[17]Department of Neurosurgery, Instituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milano, Italy[18]Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Hôpital La Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France[19]Department of Neurosciences, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, AlFaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia[20]Center for Functional Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai, China[21]Centre of Neurosciences Department of Neurosurgery, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK[22]Department of Neurosurgery, Hofstra North Shore LIJ School of Medicine, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, NY, USA[23]Member of the Psychiatric Surgery Committee of the ASSFN and Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, NY, USA[24]Member of the Psychiatric Surgery Committee of the ASSFN and Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA[25]Past President, American Society of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery (ASSFN), Department of Neurosurgery, American Society of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery (ASSFN), Ohio State University, Ohio, USA[26]President of ESSFN and WSSFN, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany[27]KU Leuven, Belgium[28]Department of Neurosurgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands[29]President of WPA, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA[30]President of Asian Australasian Society for Stereotactic & Functional Neurosurgery Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea[31]Committee of Neurosurgery for Psychiatric Disorders, Belgium, Kortenberg, Belgium[32]Department of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Canada[33]Department of Stereotactic Neurosurgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg and Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany[34]Department of Neurosurgery, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA[35]Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing, China[36]Chair of the Focus Group ‘Deep Brain Stimulation in Psychiatry: Guidance for Responsible Research and Application’, Chair of the Task Force on Brain Stimulation of the World Federations of Societies of Biological Psychiatry, Chair of the Section of Experimental Brain Stimulation Methods of the German Association of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics and member of the Operational Committee on Sections of the World Psychiatric Association. He is professor of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at the University of Bonn, Germany, and Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Mental Health at The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
本院执笔作者机构：[35]Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing, China
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摘要：
Background For patients with psychiatric illnesses
remaining refractory to ‘standard’ therapies,
neurosurgical procedures may be considered. Guidelines
for safe and ethical conduct of such procedures have
previously and independently been proposed by various
local and regional expert groups.
Methods To expand on these earlier documents,
representative members of continental and international
psychiatric and neurosurgical societies, joined efforts to
further elaborate and adopt a pragmatic worldwide set
of guidelines. These are intended to address a broad
range of neuropsychiatric disorders, brain targets and
neurosurgical techniques, taking into account cultural
and social heterogeneities of healthcare environments.
Findings The proposed consensus document highlights
that, while stereotactic ablative procedures such as
cingulotomy and capsulotomy for depression and
obsessive-compulsive disorder are considered
‘established’ in some countries, they still lack level I
evidence. Further, it is noted that deep brain stimulation
in any brain target hitherto tried, and for any psychiatric
or behavioural disorder, still remains at an investigational
stage. Researchers are encouraged to design randomised
controlled trials, based on scientific and data-driven
rationales for disease and brain target selection.
Experienced multidisciplinary teams are a mandatory
requirement for the safe and ethical conduct of any
psychiatric neurosurgery, ensuring documented
refractoriness of patients, proper consent procedures that
respect patient’s capacity and autonomy, multifaceted
preoperative as well as postoperative long-term followup
evaluation, and reporting of effects and side effects
for all patients.
Bart Nuttin,Hemmings Wu,Helen Mayberg,et al.Consensus on guidelines for stereotactic neurosurgery for psychiatric disorders.[J].JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY.2014,85(9):1003-1008.
APA：
Bart Nuttin,Hemmings Wu,Helen Mayberg,Marwan Hariz,Loes Gabriëls...&the World Psychiatric Association,WPA.(2014).Consensus on guidelines for stereotactic neurosurgery for psychiatric disorders..JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY,85,(9)
MLA：
Bart Nuttin,et al."Consensus on guidelines for stereotactic neurosurgery for psychiatric disorders.".JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY 85..9(2014):1003-1008
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