Objective: To suggest a reasonable consideration to avoid the maltreatment of splenogonadal fusion. Methods: A 6-year-old male patient (Case 1) underwent unilateral orchiectomy for a suspected tumor of the testis. A 12-year-old male patient (Case 2) underwent bilateral groin exploration and urethroplasty. Postoperative abdominal magnetic resonance imaging revealed an oval-shaped mass in the lower pole of the left kidney and no abnormalities in the spleen. Laparoscopy was considered. Results: In Case 1, a red mass was found in the upper pole of the testis; the mass occupied one-third of the testis volume. No connection with the cord was found. In Case 2, a red testis-like mass in the lower pole of the left kidney was found and resected. Orchidopexy was performed for the right testis. Postoperative pathology confirmed splenogonadal fusion. Conclusion: Splenogonadal fusion is a rare congenital abnormality. Most patients undergo unnecessary orchiectomy because of suspicion of a primary testicular neoplasm. Common imaging examinations, negative serologic examinations, and 99mTc-sulphur colloid liver-spleen scans can help to achieve a diagnosis. Careful review of the chronicity of the lesion may suggest a benign growth. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.