Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of self-navigated whole-heart coronary 3-T magnetic resonance (MR) angiography by using conventional invasive coronary angiography (ICA) as the reference gold standard. Materials and Methods: This study was approved by the local ethics committee. Written informed consent was obtained from each patient before the study. Thirty-nine consecutive patients underwent coronary MR angiography and later underwent ICA. Coronary MR angiography was performed with a 3-T imager with contrast agent enhancement during free breathing with self-navigated affine motion correction reconstruction. Coronary segments with reference diameters larger than 1.5 mm were included in the comparison between coronary MR angiography and ICA. The coronary MR angiography images were evaluated by two experienced readers blinded to the ICA results to identify significant luminal narrowing (>50% diameter reduction in reference ICA). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were performed to detect significant coronary artery stenosis. Results: Coronary MR angiography examinations were successfully performed in all 39 patients. A total of 327 coronary segments had reference luminal diameter larger than 1.5 mm. Of these 327 coronary segments, 303 (92.7%) segments had a quality score greater than 1 at coronary MR angiography and were included in the analysis. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 78.2%, 75.0%, 81.8%, 70.6%, and 76.9%, respectively, on a per-patient basis. Conclusion: Contrast-enhanced self-navigated coronary 3-T MR angiography is a promising technique for the noninvasive detection of clinically significant coronary stenosis. (C) RSNA, 2016