The occurrence of vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia after resection of intracranial tumor has not received extensive attention clinically, and is often misdiagnosed and improperly treated as surgical brain damage or brain swelling. Seventy-two patients with intracranial tumor were continuously monitored pre- and postoperatively by means of neurological assessment and transcranial Doppler sonography. Vasospasm was found in 35 (48.6%) patients (18 mild, 13 moderate and 4 severe vasospasm). No significant difference among age, sex, surgical approaches, pathological diagnosis, duration of surgery, amount of blood loss and transfusion during surgery were found, but significant difference was seen in cisternal hemorrhage on CT scan and the amount of blood in cerebrospinal fluid. The cause and features of postoperative vasospasm were discussed, transcranial Doppler sonography played an important role in the diagnosis of vasospasm. To decrease the amount of blood in basal cistern by microsurgery in preventing vasospasm and to differentiate vasospasm from brain swelling are helpful to confirm the coexistent or causal relation based on neurological assessment, CT imagine, transcranial Doppler sonography and ICP monitoring both in deciding therapeutic strategy and successfully controlling vasospasm. Nimotop played a key role in preventing brain damage from vasospasm and cerebral swelling.