机构：[1]National Center for Children’s Health, China, Key Laboratory ofPediatric Major Diseases Research, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children’s Hospital, CapitalMedical University, Beijing, China职能科室临床流行病与循证医学中心首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院[2]Public Health Department, CapitalMedical University, Beijing, China[3]Department of Diseases Prevention andControl, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
Background Accurate assessments of sodium intake in children are important for the early prevention of cardiovascular disease. There is currently no accurate simple and feasible sodium intake approach for children. This study intends to validate the accuracy of 24-hour urinary sodium excretion (UNaV) estimation in children using 3 common formulas: the Kawasaki, INTERSALT (International Cooperative Study on Salt, Other Factors, and Blood Pressure), and Tanaka formulas. Methods and Results A hospital-based child population in China was enrolled in the study and completed 24-hour urine sample collection. Concentrations of sodium, potassium, and creatinine in 24-hour urine and spot urine samples were measured. Mean difference as well as absolute and relative differences and misclassification between estimation and measurement of UNaV with 3 commonly used formulas were compared and analyzed. A total of 129 participants aged 5 to 16 years were eligible for analysis. Mean measured UNaV was 2694.9 mg/day. Mean differences between estimated and measured UNaV by the Kawasaki, INTERSALT, and Tanaka formulas were 2367.6, 26.4, and 258.8 mg/day, respectively. Proportions of relative differences of over 40% for the Kawasaki, INTERSALT, and Tanaka formulas were 79.8%, 34.9%, and 38.5%, respectively. Misclassification rates were 73.1% for Kawasaki, 69.0% for INTERSALT, and 62.4% for Tanaka at the individual level. Conclusions The results from our study do not support estimation of UNaV for children by the Kawasaki, INTERSALT, and Tanaka formulas using single spot urine samples because of the potential risk for misclassification at the individual level.
基金：
Base and Clinical Research Collaboration Foundation of Capital Medical University, Beijing [17JL85]; Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals' Youth Programme [QML20171203]; Organizational Department of the CPC Beijing Municipal Committee, Beijing Outstanding Talent Training Foundation [2017000021469G245]; Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospital Clinical Medicine Development Special Project [ZYLX201840]; Pediatric Medical Coordinated Development, Center of Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals [XTCX201812]
第一作者机构：[1]National Center for Children’s Health, China, Key Laboratory ofPediatric Major Diseases Research, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children’s Hospital, CapitalMedical University, Beijing, China
通讯作者：
通讯机构：[1]National Center for Children’s Health, China, Key Laboratory ofPediatric Major Diseases Research, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children’s Hospital, CapitalMedical University, Beijing, China[*1]National Center for Children’sHealth, China, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Major Diseases Research,Ministry of Education, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 56 South Lishi Rd, Xicheng District, Beijing 100045, China.
推荐引用方式(GB/T 7714)：
Yaguang Peng,Ying Zhang,Kun Li,et al.A New Approach Is Needed to Evaluate 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion Using Spot Urines: A Validation Study in a Chinese Child Population.[J].Journal of the American Heart Association.2020,9(1):e014575.doi:10.1161/JAHA.119.014575.
APA：
Yaguang Peng,Ying Zhang,Kun Li,Lili Liu,Shuhua Zhang&Xiaoxia Peng.(2020).A New Approach Is Needed to Evaluate 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion Using Spot Urines: A Validation Study in a Chinese Child Population..Journal of the American Heart Association,9,(1)
MLA：
Yaguang Peng,et al."A New Approach Is Needed to Evaluate 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion Using Spot Urines: A Validation Study in a Chinese Child Population.".Journal of the American Heart Association 9..1(2020):e014575
医学