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Review of imaging biomarkers for the vulnerable carotid plaque.

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机构: [1]Department of Radiology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari [2]Section of Radiology, Santa Maria del Carmine Hospital, Rovereto [3]Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, Cagliari [4]Department of Vascular Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, Cagliari [5]Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing [6]Vascular and Interventional Unit, Department of Radiological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome [7]Stroke Diagnosis and Monitoring Division, AtheroPoint, Roseville.
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关键词: Carotid Plaque Stenosis

摘要:
Identification of carotid artery atherosclerosis is conventionally based on measurements of luminal stenosis. However, histopathologic studies demonstrate considerable differences between plaques with identical degrees of stenosis and indicate that certain plaque features are associated with increased risk for ischemic events. As a result of the rapid technological evolution in medical imaging, several important steps have been taken in the field of carotid plaque imaging allowing us to visualize the carotid atherosclerotic plaque and its composition in great detail. For computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and ultrasound scan, evidence has accumulated on novel imaging-based markers that confer information on carotid plaque vulnerability, such as intraplaque hemorrhage and lipid-rich necrotic cores. In terms of the imaging-based identification of individuals at high risk of stroke, routine assessments of such imaging markers are the way forward for improving current clinical practice. The current review highlights the main characteristics of the vulnerable plaque indicating their role in the etiology of ischemic stroke as identified by intensive plaque imaging.© 2021 by the Society for Vascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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第一作者机构: [1]Department of Radiology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari [*1]Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, di Cagliari, Polo di Monserrato, s.s. 554 Monserrato, Cagliari 09045, Italy.
通讯作者:
通讯机构: [1]Department of Radiology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari [*1]Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, di Cagliari, Polo di Monserrato, s.s. 554 Monserrato, Cagliari 09045, Italy.
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