Chronic cerebral ischemia is one of the common ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. Chronic cerebral ischemia can lead to brain dysfunction, and its pathophysiological mechanism involves inflammation, blood-brain barrier destruction, oxidative stress, and other factors. Due to it being difficult to detect, it is easily overlooked, and it is often only observed following onset of cognitive dysfunction. At present, there are few drugs for this treatment. DL-3-N-BUTYLPHTHALIDE (NBP), a compound extracted from celery seed, may play an important role in protecting against brain damage caused by chronic cerebral ischemia. Therefore, we pay more attention to the prevention and treatment of NBP on chronic cerebral ischemia.Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.