Objective: The aim of this study vas to compare activities of daily living and cognitive function after 6 months' rehabilitation training with or without ventriculoperitoneal shunt in patients with chronic normal pressure hydrocephalus following aneurysm subarachnoid haemorrhage. Patients and methods: Thirty-nine subjects diagnosed with chronic normal pressure hydrocephalus following aneurysm subarachnoid haemorrhage, based on clinical deterioration or non-improvement of gait ataxia, cognitive disturbance, and/or urinary incontinence during rehabilitation, were Included in the study. A treatment group (n=24) underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt operation, and a control group (n=15) did not undergo the operation. Results: Following the operation there was a significant difference in Barthel Index scores between treatment and control groups at 1 month (p<0.05) and 6 month follow-ups (p<0.01). Similar improvements in Mini Mental Status Examination results were observed at 1 month (p<0.01) and 6 month follow-ups (p<0.01) in the treatment group. Conclusion: Rehabilitation alone did not result in improvements in patients with chronic normal pressure hydrocephalus but rehabilitation combined with ventriculoperitoneal shunt resulted in improvements in activities of daily living and cognitive function. The importance of early diagnosis of chronic normal pressure hydrocephalus is stressed.