Objective: This paper aims to discuss the n-3 fatty acid desaturase (FAT-1) expression in human endometrial cancer cell lines and its influences on endometrial cancer cell proliferation. Methods: The endometrial cancer cell line Ishikawa was used as the study object. Ishikawa with stable FAT-1 expression was constructed using lentivirus transfection method. FAT-1 gene expression was tested using fluorescence-activated cell sorting and Western Blot (WB) methods. Proliferations of Ishikawa with stable FAT-1 expression at different time points were recorded, and the proliferation curve was drawn. At the same time, influences of FAT-1 on Ishikawa proliferation were tested via Cell Counting Kit-8 method. Related molecular regulation mechanism after FAT-1 overexpression was analysrd through WB analysis. Results: Effective heterogeneous FAT-1 expression in Ishikawa was tested using fluorescence-activated cell sorting anzd WB methods. Results showed that proliferation of Ishikawa with stable FAT-1 expression dramatically slows down. Heterogenous FAT-1 overexpression can downregulate the βcatenin signal. Conclusions: Heterogenous FAT-1 overexpression can inhibit endometrial cancer cell proliferation, and FAT-1 can regulate endometrial cancer cell proliferation through the β-catenin signaling pathways. © 2017, Scientific Publishers of India. All rights reserved.