Objective: To investigate and compare some conditions which could induce human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) stem cells to differentiate into dopaminergic neurons, and probe the optimal condition for the directional differentiation of HUCB stem cells. Methods: HUCB stem cells were isolated and cultured in vitro, and the cell surface markers were detected by flow cytometry, and when the cells were co-cultured with EGF + bFGF, ATRA, ATRA + EGF + bFGF, striatal conditioned medium (CM) striatal astrocytes conditioned medium (CM) respectively, the morphological character was observed by inverse phase-contrast microscopy. The expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) was detected by immunofluorescence staining method. Results: The comparison of the results of HUCB stem cells which directly differentiated into dopaminergic neuron showed that the differentiation potential of striatal astrocytes CM group > striatal CM group > ATRA + EGF + bFGF group > ATRA group> EGF + bFGF group > control group. Conclusion: Compared with other conditions, the striatum has a more distinct inductive effect on HUCB stem cells to differentiate into dopaminergic neurons, and the inductive effect mainly comes from the astrocytes in the striatum.