BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is the final stage of various cardiac diseases with poor prognosis. The integrated traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and western medicine therapy has been considered as a prospective therapeutic strategy for chronic heart failure (CHF). There have been small clinical trials and experimental studies to demonstrate the efficacy of Shenfu Qiangxin Pills (SFQX) for treating CHF, however, there is still a lack of further high-quality trial. This paper describes the protocol for the clinical assessment of SFQX in CHF (heart-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome) patients. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, multi-center trial will assess the efficacy and safety of SFQX in the treatment of CHF. 352 patients with CHF (heart-kidney Yang deficiency syndrome) from 22 hospitals in China will be enrolled. Besides their standardized western medicine, patients will be randomized to receive treatment of either SFQX or placebo for 12 weeks. The primary outcome is the plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels, which will be measured uniformly by the central laboratory. The secondary outcomes include composite endpoint events (hospitalization due to worsening HF, all-cause mortality, other serious cardiovascular events), echocardiography indicators, grades of the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification, the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) results, Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire and TCM syndrome scores. DISCUSSION: The integrated TCM and western medicine therapy has developed into a treatment model in China. The rigorous design of the trial will assure an objective and scientific assessment of the efficacy and safety of SFQX in the treatment of CHF. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2000028777 (registered on January 3, 2020).Abbreviations: CHF = chronic heart failure, CRF = Case Record Form, EDC = Electronic Data Capture, HF = Heart Failure, HFrEF= heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction, MLHFQ = Minnesota Living With Heart Failure questionnaire, NT-proBNP = N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, NYHA = New York Heart Association, SFQX = Shenfu qiangxin pills, TCM = traditional Chinese medicine.