<bold>Objective</bold>: To analyze the effects of alogliptin combined with pioglitazone on blood glucose, blood lipids, related metabolic indexes, inflammatory factors, and liver and kidney functions in patients with type 2 diabetes. <bold>Methods:</bold> A total of 120 patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to our hospital from April 2015 to June 2019 were selected for comparison treatment and divided into the drug group (60 cases) and the control group (60 cases). The drug group was treated with alogliptin combined with pioglitazone, while the control group was treated with alogliptin. The following patient parameters were measured before and after treatment: blood glucose [fasting blood glucose (FPG), blood glucose 2 hours after a meal (2hPG), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C)], blood lipids [serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)], related metabolic indicators [body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP)], inflammatory factors [interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), C-reaction protein (CRP)], and liver and kidney functions [blood urea nitrogen (BUN), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and glomerular filtration rate (GFR)]. <bold> </bold>Results: After treatment, the total effective rate of the drug group was 98.33%, and the total effective rate of the control group was 85.02% (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of FBG, 2hPG, and HbAlc in the drug group and the control group were lower than before treatment, and the drug group levels were significantly lower than the control group levels (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C in both groups were lower, and the drug group levels were significantly lower than the control group levels (P<0.05). The HDL-C levels were significantly higher after treatment, and the drug group was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of BMI, SBP, and DBP in both groups were lower than before treatment, and the drug group levels were significantly lower than the control group levels (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of BUN, AST, and CFR in both groups were lower than before treatment, and the drug group levels were significantly lower than the control group levels (P<0.05) <bold> </bold>Conclusion: Alogliptin combined with pioglitazone can regulate blood sugar and blood lipid levels, decrease blood pressure indexes and the body mass index, inhibit inflammatory factors, and promote the recovery of liver and kidney functions in patients with type 2 diabetes.