Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is essential for critically ill patients but carries a high risk of hospital-acquired infections. Implementing an effective infection prevention and control system is critical for improving patient safety.This study utilized the Delphi method to develop a comprehensive infection prevention and control indicator system specifically designed for CRRT patients. A total of 126 patients treated at Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University from January to December 2023 were included in the study. They were divided into a control group (n = 62), which received standard care, and an observation group (n = 64), which adopted the newly developed indicator system. Adverse event rates and nursing quality scores were compared between the two groups.The final indicator system consisted of 3 primary, 9 secondary, and 27 tertiary indicators, with expert consensus reflected by a reliability coefficient of 0.795. The observation group demonstrated a significantly lower incidence of adverse events (3.12% vs. 16.12%, P < 0.05) and higher nursing quality scores across three dimensions (basic care, equipment management, and nursing safety) compared to the control group (P < 0.05).The infection prevention and control indicator system for CRRT patients exhibited strong reliability and scientific validity. Its implementation led to a significant reduction in infection rates and improvements in nursing quality, highlighting its potential for broader clinical adoption.Copyright © 2025 Zhao, Zhao, Yang, Wang and Zhao.