Jiao and colleagues reported a case of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome who developed respiratory failure and symmetrical flaccid paralysis of all extremities. Electrophysiology revealed peripheral nerve injuries mainly in axons. They reached a diagnosis of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) associated with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Although the case is interesting, the diagnosis of GBS in such a patient should be with caution. Critical illness polyneuropathy (CIP) is an important and common differential diagnosis of GBS, especially in intensive care settings. Differentiating CIP from the axonal variants of GBS may be difficult on purely clinical grounds. Albumino-cytologic dissociation in CSF can help differentiate GBS from other disorders.