Study Objectives: To examine the comorbidity between insomnia and medical conditions. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in community adults, aged >= 60 years, who resided in one of four major cities in northern China. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected simultaneously. A total of 3,176 elderly adults (1,292 male, mean +/- standard deviation age 70.2 +/- 6.8 years; 1,884 female, 68.8 +/- 6.7 years) were interviewed. Results: The prevalence of specific medical conditions in both people with insomnia and people without insomnia was detected. Significantly higher proportions of arrhythmia, hypertension, cerebral hemorrhage, migraine, and hyperlipidemia were observed in people with insomnia than in people without insomnia. Moreover, a significantly higher proportion of insomnia was seen in elderly people with arrhythmia and migraine. We also found that elderly people with insomnia who took sleep medications reported a higher prevalence of coexisting arrhythmia, hypertension, and migraine, even after adjusting for age, sex, and depression. Conclusions: Our results indicate associations between insomnia and medical conditions in the community elderly in China. People who complained of insomnia had poorer physical health conditions. Sleep medication may not be a covariate that influences the comorbidity of some specific physical conditions.